Demand-supply Mismatch in TVET Academic Programmes: What Is It and What Should It Be?

Over the years, public and private higher education institutions in Malaysia haveconsistently produced many graduates. However, employment rate among local fresh graduates remains low. Therefore, this study aims to clarify demand-supply mismatch of programmes offered by Malaysian Polytechnic Technical Vocational Education Training (TVET) based on perspectives employers, top management, lecturers, students. This adopted a semi-structured interview as data collection method utilised purposive sampling approaching respondents. conducted thematic analysis using ATLAS.ti 9 software. The findings relating can be classified into three, which are: i) between industry demand TVET programme supply; ii) student iii) institution readiness supply. Following these findings, proposed realignment taking consideration all stakeholders’ necessities. As result, will balanced, thus increasing employability It is beneficial for future research employ an appropriate framework alignment when examining academic programmes, account needs stakeholders guarantee that remain relevant.